shadowing of Ukraine”s economy in terms of financial and economic crisis has become all-out character, and is estimated by individual experts and researchers in the amount of up to 60% of GDP, which is at the present stage, a real threat to national security.
informed of this NASU scientists in the national report “СоціÐ°Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ð¾-економіÑ‡Ð½Ð¸Ð¹ camp Ukraine: наÑліÐ´ÐºÐ¸ for the people is the power.”
“We can state the actual completion of the restructuring of shadow economic activities across the state. This activity was part of its economy. It serves the economic and political interests of certain influential institutions and the business community” - they note.
Most experts believe that 25-50% of the turnover of private enterprises are not reflected in the documents of the accounting (shadow turnover). The level of care in the shadow depends on what kind of enterprise, “who is behind it, etc. Most small businesses “shadow” may reach 80-90%.
According to independent experts, the most common types of shady activities are: optimization of taxes, prostitution, drug trafficking, illegal migrant labor, gambling. For common types of shady activities are also illegal refund of value added tax, wages in envelopes.
The report notes that the shadow treatment is also present in the areas of activity: trade (80%), construction (66%), real estate (60%), gambling (53%), catering (53%), means media (53%), transport and logistics (46%). In trade, excise goods significant proportion of the unaccounted amount of tobacco, liquor and other products.
sufficiently high level of corruption in the areas engaged in the supply of energy, land acquisition for construction, operation with commercial real estate (rental) and the privatization of state property. There exists a wide gap between market and “-gate” prices for “goods” and, accordingly, the possibility of excessive profits, that is the source of bribery and kickbacks, which most firms operate in the construction (91%), trade (75%) , real estate (75%), agriculture (58%), energy (58 %).
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