After the ban on gambling in Ukraine, state lotteries are the only legal option for Ukrainians seeking to experience good fortune and unleash the gamble. It would be logical to assume that the frequenters of gaming halls and casinos, having lost last year of their favorite entertainment, queuing for lottery tickets and the revenue the state will increase by several times. But so far it has not happened - instead of the players to “lototron” began the pilgrimage”s deputies.

Over the past two months in the Verkhovna Rada registered at three bills designed to regulate the activities of lottery operators in Ukraine. Legislative activity, in theory, should lead to a truly high-quality paper. After all, when there are plenty to choose from, the result should be the best. However, this time we are faced with a phenomenon which could be called an illusion of choice. It turns out, really no choice of what, well, almost as in the current presidential election. Nevertheless, it would be interesting to understand the motivation of the people”s representatives. Why do so many years, the lottery has been left to itself, and suddenly her so much interest? Maybe it into perspective …

CEO of M.S.L. ” Oleg Yakimets commented on this issue in Ukrainian. “If you look at the market for our neighbors, it becomes clear that Ukraine has a huge potential growth in lottery business. If the average Greek lottery spends up to 470 euros per year, the Ukrainian average of less than 1 euro a year. Of course, the record for Greece this indicator in Europe “, - said market participant.

But the minimum 90 euros per year for residents of EU countries compare to one of our euro fantastic sum. Here it is essential to remember that buying a lottery, the average European is not so much to give vent to his passion and desire for easy money, how many gave money to charity. In the end, all European countries, the main purpose of the lottery is to raise funds for various social projects and in support of sporting events. Of course, the operators themselves have a purely mercantile interests, but they are still secondary.

most popular lottery reached in countries with relatively low incomes - in Latin America, South-East Asia. Where people are poor, for lotereyschikov expanse, they use a naive belief temperamental and gambling Southerners in a fairy tale with a happy ending. Ukrainians, of course, not Indians or Mexicans, but we have quite a few poor romantics who love Indian cinema and Mexican soap operas, as well as seriously expect to snatch from fate “lucky” ticket. These purely psychological conditions give lottery business in Ukraine, a very good chance to build speed, if not an order, then for sure in 2-3 times for sure.

seems this factor and could become a catalyst for legislative activity of Deputies. They just “suddenly saw the light”, making out the potential of lotteries.

Heirs Sportloto

Worldwide, there are a variety of state lotteries, the basic income from which goes to various social projects and development of sports. In Ukraine there are four operators. The largest of these is “M.S.L., also known as” Molodsportloto. ” In most companies believe that it takes at least 60-70% of the lottery market in the country. The second turnover of the operator - Ukrainian National Lottery (UNL), which accounts for about 20-30%. Third - “Patriot”, who is content with about 10% of the market. Fourth - “Oschadbank” True, he does not hold them now, but it is a distributor of tickets of other existing operators.
1000

Each of them has a great choice. UNL has 4 variants of the so-called numerical lotteries - Super Lotto, Keno, Lotto Troika. Patriot sells 14 kinds of instant lotteries. Market leader “M.S.L.” spends the most famous Ukrainians number lotteries: Lotto Fun “,” Mega Lot, apartment lottery: “Who out there”, “Sportprognoz” and “Sportliga.” Given that Ukraine has a moratorium on the issuance of licenses for lotteries, entry into this market of new players at the moment is actually excluded. Nevertheless, it is possible to increase the number of lotteries themselves, this option is not legally restricted. So if there is investment market participants have every opportunity for growth.

price issue

All Ukrainian lottery have a status of public and private traders may be only their organizers, who received a license for this activity. Such companies enjoy special tax treatment. General taxes do not concern them, they only pay VAT on the sale of lottery tickets in the amount of 12,5%, provided that all of the remaining funds, not less than 50% should be paid to players as winnings. Domestic operators are committed to constantly cry poverty, telling about the enormous costs of the lottery. However, the Russian lotereyschikov reviews, it is very profitable, although it requires a fairly intensive investment.

cost of the conventional lottery is about 5% of the ticket. Suppose that in Ukraine this figure is on the same level. In addition, we have state lotteries, rather than private, as in Russia, and their dissemination through state Oschadbank Ukrpochta and less expensive. Given the 50 per cent of the prize fund and 12.5% of tax deductions, the profit of operators can be up to 30% of turnover. In 2008, the market for lotteries amounted to about 500 million UAH., In 2009 the amount increased approximately 20% and amounted to little more than 600 million UAH. These data provide by market participants. In particular, the CEO M.S.L. ” Oleg Yakimets said recently that his company”s revenue for 2009 amounted to about 370 million UAH. That, in his words, is not less than 60% of all sales of lottery tickets in Ukraine. Meanwhile, one of the sponsors of the bill - MP from the BYuT faction Anton Yatsenko appreciated our market of 3-4 billion UAH.

And according to head of the committee on tax and customs policy, BP Sergei Terekhin, in 2009, the lottery market in Ukraine amounted to approximately 1 billion USD. At the same time he is convinced that we do not have shady schemes to evade payment of 12,5% of the tax, all income from activities of the operators go through the state treasury. “The only option - sale of lottery tickets unaccounted for, but this is frank crime” - he added.

last word still rests with the Finance Ministry, which controls the financial income. The spread of numbers goes too broad - from the modest 600 million UAH. to the fantastic 4 billion UAH. It is worth noting that the entire turnover of the gambling business in Ukraine amounted to his ban is not more than 1,5 billion U.S. Unfortunately, the state statistics did not know - Ministry of Finance to request UNIAN for three weeks and did not answer. In this case, according to sources close to the business, last year an estimate of the market amounted to around 700 million USD. He also said that the Finance Ministry did not provide operators with data on the market, operators are forced to define it on the basis of his own figures.

Lotereyschiki “outside the law”

As for bills, it all started with MPs from the BYuT faction Yatsenko. His bill was registered in the parliament on Dec. 8, 2009. It was called “On the introduction of state monopoly1000on the implementation of the lottery business.” This was followed by the document MP from the Party of Regions Viktor Korzh “Regulation of the activities for the lotteries in Ukraine, registered BP December 15, 2009. And finally, on Jan. 11, 2010 BYuTovets Valery Quoting introduced into parliament a bill “On state regulation of lottery business. These documents are actually one and the same number - 5417, the difference between them only in the indexes, as well as similar names, which show that both have one goal - the monopolization of the state lottery. However, as noted above, the lottery in Ukraine state monopoly, private traders and are the only operators.

Another thing is that the lottery business in Ukraine has its own law, and is satisfied with individual articles of the fundamental pieces of legislation already adopted in the 1990″s. S. Terekhin, although not related to the development of new legislation in this area, but it is the author of the law, which for 13 years governed the relationship in this area, commented on it so - in 1997 to write the rules of the game state and the operators asked to lotereyschiki . “In the same year a law was passed, I have also written about enterprise income tax, where the 10-th article had been written down general rules for taxation of lottery business. But in the transitional provisions of the Act, I asked the Cabinet to write for a year a separate law for lotteries “, - said S. Terekhin, stressing:” It was in 1997, and any law that today would be to regulate this sphere of activity is beneficial. Today, there are no rules for operators of lotteries, but there are only so-called licensing conditions, which were taken as the Ministry of Finance bylaw 8 years ago. ”

One of the three, or a game of monopoly

turns out that the law of the market need for the lottery, but talking about it and the operators themselves, but with one important proviso. They oppose the bill Yatsenko, which actually offers deprive them of their licenses and to transfer this type of activity in the maintenance of state-owned enterprises, which will be created specifically. Intelligence for comment at the very Yatsenko agency UNIAN, alas, could not, apparently, he like most of his colleagues recently plunged into the campaign.

According to S. Terekhin, Bill Yatsenko should not be taken seriously. “Quintessence of the bill of MP is that all financial flows from the lotteries should be monitored specifically for this purpose, a state agency, the type of the infamous Tender Chamber of Ukraine. This authority will be delegated some MPs, representatives of the ministries. We have such schemes are familiar, and we know what this means, “- recalled the MP.

However he A. Yatsenko, speaking about his bill, had previously stated the opposite, noting that in order to prevent corruption, a special regulatory state bodies in the field of lotteries established should not.

There will inevitably have to refer to the recent scandal, which erupted between S. Terekhin and A. Yatsenko, despite their affiliation to one political force. Both MPs have already expressed their views about the essence of the conflict in the media. In short, it boils down to what Yatsenko accuses Terekhina mediated in the possession of a Ukrainian operator of lotteries - UNL and tax evasion. In turn, S. Terekhin totally denies everything. It is convinced that all the accusations against him - just revenge for their unwillingness to support a bill on BP PPL proposed Yatsenko. In principle, everybody can get acquainted with the nuances of this conflict on the Internet, we also delve into them will not.

But that really can not be ignored, since this conclusion is the Chief Scientific Expert Department (GNEU) BP on the bill Yatsenko.1000First, the experts note too wide a range of issues that affect the document. “Due to the fact that the introduction of state monopoly on lotteries is only one of the bill, certain elements of public policy concerning the organization and conducting lotteries, we propose to change its name to” On state regulation of the issue and conducting lotteries. “By the way, next in the chronology Bill lotteries, MP Korzh, almost so called “On the Regulation of Activities on lotteries in Ukraine, apparently, a deputy from PR acquainted with conclusions GNEU.

Although in the correct expression, but experts GNEU smashed bill Yatsenko to smithereens. In particular, they noted the lack of conformity of the proposed rules in the bill to the current legislation of Ukraine. Thus, according to experts, the proposed introduction of state monopoly on the lottery contrary to law “On Entrepreneurship”. In GNEU convinced that if they pass a lottery business exclusively in the management of state enterprises, then this should be done by amending the law “On Entrepreneurship”.

One of the main themes of the bill Yatsenko is to protect consumers from unscrupulous operators of lotteries, which in his view, the Ukrainians do not even get the winnings. This MP proposes to introduce appropriate changes to the Commercial Code and Law on Protection of Consumer Rights. At that experts reasonably indicate that such an approach is contrary to commonly accepted rules of technology legislation, as proposed changes are not directly related to the lottery business. In other words, the bill Yatsenko demonstrates a desire to delegate to one document “shove nevpihuemoe. Moreover, trying to cover the items in its bill a number of neighboring legislation, Yatsenko nevertheless “forgets” about one of the most important issues actually lottery activities. His bill provides for licensing of lotteries, by default, offering to transfer him to a certain state-owned enterprise. Thus A Yatsenko actually offers a “scam” working in Ukraine today lottery operators. Lotereyschiki Good or bad - is a separate issue, but today they are working in accordance with existing laws and investing heavily in the development of their business.

As you can guess, GNEU BP openly encouraged to send “raw” Bill Yatsenko for revision. Having noted the comments of the experts, 15 December 2009 MP registered in the Verkhovna Rada another bill to amend the law on the moratorium on the licensing of economic activity is producing and conducting lotteries. This paper proposes to abolish the licensing of lotteries businesses independent ownership. December 18 last year at BP Yatsenko registered draft resolution approving the objectives of state economic development program of state lotteries and their social orientation. All this testifies to a persistent intention to suspend the MPs from holding gosloterey private operators. And last, unlike S. Terekhina refer to the bill even Yatsenko very seriously.

“Copyright” - is not for MPs

At the same time, S. Terekhin praised the bills still one of his colleagues from the BYuT Valery Far and regionalization Viktor Korzh. “Draft B. Extreme looks like a bill deputy Korzh. The bill MPs from PR is proposed to increase contributions to the State lottery operators to 25%. All these tools are invited to send in the development of physical culture and sport. The idea is good, but worth a look at the cost of each operator separately. One operator prints lottery tickets and distribute them, and the other - is building a network of electronic lottery machines. Naturally, the second operator spends significantly more, “- S. Teryokhin. In this regard, he considers it necessary in finalizing the draft legislation to consult with mar1000ket participants. We note here that the operators of lotteries by their own admission none of the drafting of legislation on the regulation of lotteries is not attracted. Moreover, according to one of the market participants, the authors of the bills have not responded to requests lotereyschikov consult with them.
But if

S. Terekhin as an outside observer only noted the similarity of the bills and the Far Korzh, V. Korzh, then he spoke more harshly. In his view, the bill, registered in the Verkhovna Rada V. The deadline is almost an exact copy of his bill. “The text of the bill deputy of the Extreme, with the exception of a small edition, completely rewritten from my” - said the MP in UNIAN comments and added: “I have been approached from the BYuT faction to send them a copy of my bill because, they say, the BP site and the text was damaged due to technical reasons. We dropped them the text of a bill that later was copied deputy deadline with cosmetic changes, which did not even bother to correct some inaccuracies. So that it is a trivial plagiarism. This case is the moral part of those who did it “, - convinced the MP.

V. Korzh not name the reasons why BYuT representatives have acted in this way.

Говоря о предпосылках разработки законопроекта о госрегулировании лотерейной деятельности в Украине, Ð’.Корж отметил, что его документ был выписан с использованием зарубежного опыта нормативно-правовой регуляции проведения лотерей. “Этим законопроектом впервые в Украине внедряется понимание лотерейной деятельности как деятельности исключительно социальной. Законопроектом предусмотрено, что после обязательного формирования призового фонда, в который направляется 50% поступлений от продажи лотерей, 25% оставшихся средств зачисляются в специальный фонд Государственного бюджета Украины. Эти средства в законопроекте предлагается распределять следующим образом: финансирование олимпийского движения – 60%; финансирование капитального строительства спортивных сооружений, в том числе и к проведению Евро-2012 – 30%; финансирование лечения детей, больных раком – 10%”, - пояснил Ð’.Корж.

Вместе с тем, по его словам, эти приоритеты можно ежегодно изменять законом о госбюджете, направляя средства от лотерей на другие социальные проекты. “Один год все деньги, вырученные от продажи лотерейных билетов, могут направляться на здравоохранение, а в следующем они могут пойти на развитие спорта или культуры. Фиксированными остаются лишь 25% отчислений, которые операторы лотерей должны платить государству “, - отмечает народный депутат.

Однако, по его мнению, понятно, что Министерство финансов, в ведении которого находится финансовый контроль этой сферы, не согласится с таким предложением.

При этом Ð’.Корж подчеркнул, что его законопроект не предусматривал отказ от частных операторов, на которых государство возлагает ответственность по организации лотерей путем предоставления им лицензий. “Ð’ принципе, мы не видим необходимости в одном государственном операторе лотерей и сегодняшняя ситуации на рынке является вполне нормальной, соответствует тенденциям, существующим в мировой практике, тем не менее, она требует более четкого государственного регулирования”, - сказа Ð’.Корж.

Подытоживая, он отметил, что в украинском законодательстве необходимо отказаться от восприятия лотереи как предпринимательской деятельности, направленной на получение прибыли и обогащение ее организаторов.

Кроме вышеприведенных положений законопроект В.Коржа содержит финансово-экономические, организационные и другие требования к оператору лотерей (минимальный размер уставного капитала, минимальное количество электронных терминалов, а также точек распространения лотерей). Кроме того, документ предусматривает регуляцию порядка получения статуса оператора лотереи только1000путем проведения открытого конкурса. Такой конкурс предлагается проводить Министерством финансов Украины не чаще, чем 1 раз в 20 лет.

Ознакомившись с законопроектом Ð’.Крайнего, можно убедиться в том, что Ð’.Корж едва ли преувеличивает. Формулировки большинства положений двух документов фактически идентичны. К сожалению, на протяжении двух недель агентству УНИАН получить комментарий от Ð’.Крайнего не удалось. Что тут скажешь – тоже, наверное, выборы помешали…

Но, чтобы соблюсти объективность, отметим, что Ð’.Крайний позаимствовал у своего коллеги и один довольно спорный пункт. Это предложение о создании коллегиального совещательного органа - Лотерейного совета. Согласно текстам законопроектов, Лотерейный совет не вмешивается в деятельность оператора лотерей, а лишь вносит рекомендации относительно разработки и внедрения новых лотерей. Кроме того, Лотерейный совет осуществляет координацию действий органов государственной исполнительной власти в данной сфере. “Отмеченный совещательный орган осуществляет контрольные функции относительно деятельности оператора лотерей и определения направлений расходования средств от их проведения на конкретные цели в социальной сфере”, - говорится в пояснительных записках к законопроектам депутатов Ð’.Коржа и Ð’.Крайнего. Согласно документам, Лотерейный совет будет формироваться из 7 членов. Два - от Верховной Рады, два - от Секретариата Президента и три - от операторов лотерей. Невмешательство Лотерейного совета в работу лотерейщиков хотя и декларируются, но выглядит весьма иллюзорным. Оба законопроекта наделяют совет полномочиями вносить в Минфин представления “об отстранении от исполнения должностных обязанностей должностных лиц операторов лотерей”.

Кто возьмет билетов пачку, тот получит…

С Ð’.Коржом все понятно, будучи вице-президентом НОК Украины и предлагая обложить лотерейщиков 25% налогом на развитие спорта, он просто хочет увеличить финансирование родного комитета. Что касается БЮТовцев, то, представляя нынешнюю партию власти, они должны были бы действовать в интересах нынешнего Кабмина, который крайне заинтересован в изыскании дополнительных источников бюджетных поступлений. А то, что после радикального законопроекта А.Яценко БЮТ предложил и более мягкий вариант контроля лотерейной деятельности, свидетельствует о желании сохранить причастность к процессу при любом раскладе. То есть, даже если ВР отклонит предложение о передаче проведения лотерей в ведении госпредприятия (закон А.Яценко), БЮТ сможет на правах соавтора продвигать законопроект Коржа-Крайнего. Общей целью как ПР, так и БЮТ в данном случае является желание получить контроль над весьма перспективным механизмом привлечения в госбюджет дополнительных поступлений. Лотерею они рассматривают в виде инструмента для “изъятия” у населения “лишних” денег, этакой альтернативой гособлигациям советского образца. Уже сегодня наметилось тенденция к принудительному вовлечению населения в государственные игры. Ð’ частности, отмечены случаи, когда, оплачивая коммунальные услуги в “Ощадбанке”, вы можете вместо сдачи получить лотерейный билетик.

Все бы ничего, если бы не та секретность, которой государство пытается окутать лотерейный бизнес. Отсутствие исчерпывающей информации об объемах рынка, странная суета вокруг законопроектов заставляют предположить, что кто-то снова пытается “ловить рыбу в мутной воде”. Докапываясь до истинных причин происходящего, не один раз приходилось услышать “дружеский совет” подождать до завершения президентских выборов, мол, все будет зависеть от того, кто придет к власти (БЮТ или ПР) и какая из этих сил возьмет под свой контроль Минфин, а позиция в отношении лотерей у них уже давно сформирована. Если победит БЮТ, то есть вероятность исчезновения с рынка частных операторов лотерей. Если же Кабмин будет сфоcd5рмирован “регионалами”, поступления от лотерей пойдут в Национальный олимпийский комитет. Впрочем, нельзя исключить и послевыборных компромиссов.

Не будем спорить о правильности того или иного решения, главное, чтобы с лотерейного бизнеса был снят гриф “секретности”, а иначе эта сфера по-прежнему останется рассадником слухов и коррупционных скандалов. Ведь складывается впечатление, что даже сами депутаты не до конца понимают, за что они собственно борются, лишь имея уверенность, что лотерея - ценный приз для победителя.

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